Quantum Mechanics and Epr Paradox

The orthodox quantum mechanics has been commonly regarded as being supported decisively by the polarization EPR experiments, in which Bell's inequalities have been violated. The given conclusion has been based, however, on several mistakes that have not been yet commonly known and sufficiently analyzed. The whole problem will be newly discussed and a corresponding solution will be proposed. 1. Introduction It is commonly believed that the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanical model represents the only possibility of describing physical processes of microworld. The main support for such statement is seen in the results of experiments proposed in principle by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen in 1935 [1]. The way to their interpretation in agreement with Copenhagen school has been, however, paved at least by three mistakes. The first one coming from von Neumann [2] in 1932 has been step-by-step discovered already earlier (G. the other two mistakes have not been known and discussed to a sufficient extent until now. One of them relates to Bell's inequalities as their derivation has been based on one assumption, the impact of which has not been generally recognized; the assumption being hardly acceptable for the common type of polarization EPR experiments. It has not been possible to derive these inequalities without such an assumption. The corresponding analysis of the problem may be found in Ref. [6]. As to the third mistake (see the book of Belifante [7]) it has had probably yet more important impact on the conviction of the most physicists. F. Belifante argued in 1973 that practically any hidden-variable theory was to provide significantly different predictions from those derived with the help of standard quantum-mechanical model, which is not true. It will be shown in the following that already a very simple hidden-variable theory gives practically the same predictions for a pair of polarizers (including EPR coincidence experiments) as the standard quantum mechanics. Some important differences between hidden-variable interpretation and quantum mechanics should exist, of course, e.g., in the light transmission through three polariz-ers. Such experiments inspired by preliminary theoretical results were performed and published in 1993 and 1994 (see [8, 9]); they have shown that the standard quantum-mechanical theory of polarized light should be regarded in principle as falsified by these experimental results. A way of interpreting these experimental results on a new basis should be looked for. The problem concerning the derivation of Bell's inequalities will be summarized shortly in Sec. …